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Guida alla razza Boxer:storia, caratteristiche e cure

I pugili sono noti per la loro lealtà, carisma e intelligenza. Una delle prime razze ad essere riconosciuta dall'American Kennel Club, i Boxer sono oggi tra le razze più popolari, classificandosi al numero dieci nell'elenco di AKC.

Anche se all'inizio possono sembrare un po' intimidatori, i Boxer sono in realtà molto dolci e giocosi. Il loro istinto protettivo li rende perfetti anche per le famiglie con bambini.

Non sei sicuro che un Boxer sia il cane giusto per te? Continua a leggere per saperne di più su questa razza, inclusi storia, tratti della personalità, requisiti di cura e altro ancora.

Suggerimento professionale: I proprietari di cani possono essere rimborsati fino al 90% delle spese veterinarie idonee iscrivendosi a un'assicurazione per animali domestici. Confronta i piani assicurativi sanitari Boxer per stare tranquillo sapendo che il tuo amato animale domestico avrà accesso a ottime cure veterinarie per tutta la vita.

Caratteristiche del pugile

Aspetto fisico

I pugili sono cani tozzi e muscolosi. I pugili femminili pesano tra i 50 ei 65 libbre e possono essere alti da 21 a 25 pollici, mentre i maschi pesano tra i 65 e gli 80 libbre e crescono fino a circa 25 pollici di altezza.

I cani boxer hanno teste quadrate dalla forma distinta con mascelle prognate e musi smussati. Hanno un petto ampio e profondo, una schiena relativamente corta e forte e code che si arricciano leggermente all'estremità. Le loro orecchie si piegano ma sono spesso tagliate per stare erette e hanno piedi compatti e dita arcuate.

I boxer sono shedder moderati, con un pelo corto disponibile in tre varietà di colore:fulvo, tigrato e bianco. La loro maschera è solitamente nera, ma molti membri della razza hanno segni bianchi sul viso, oltre a segni bianchi sulle zampe e sul petto.

Personalità e comportamento

I boxer sono cani energici e intelligenti a cui piace tenersi occupati. Sono molto leali e preparati a custodire la loro casa e i proprietari in caso di necessità.

Di solito vanno d'accordo con altri cani e gatti se socializzano fin dalla giovane età, ma hanno anche una reputazione di aggressività verso animali sconosciuti, quindi, come tutti i cani, non dovrebbe essere permesso loro di correre liberamente o incustoditi.

I pugili non sono noti per essere grandi imbonitori e se abbaiano, di solito c'è una buona ragione. Tuttavia, sono piuttosto vocali e tendono a emettere ringhi che sono solo il loro modo di parlare. Mentre i ringhi normalmente servono come segnale di avvertimento per un cane che è spaventato o sconvolto, potrebbe non essere sempre il caso di questa razza.

Durata della vita

La durata media della vita dei Boxer è compresa tra 10 e 12 anni. Tuttavia, molti proprietari perdono i loro animali domestici molto prima, più comunemente a causa del cancro. Secondo uno studio dell'Università della Georgia, su 70.000 cani di oltre 80 razze, il cancro è la principale causa di morte per i Boxer, rappresentando quasi il 45% dei decessi.

D'altra parte, secondo quanto riferito, alcuni cani Boxer raggiungono i 15 anni. Ci sono anche casi documentati di membri della razza che vivono fino a 16 anni.

Guida alla razza Boxer:storia, caratteristiche e cure

Storia dei pugili

I pugili sono imparentati con quasi tutte le razze di tipo bulldog. Il Boxer è nato in Europa nel XVI secolo ma la razza si è perfezionata in Germania tra la fine del XIX secolo e l'inizio del XX secolo.

Boxers were originally used for dog-fighting but were later developed into hard-working and loyal dogs that were used as hunters, protectors, cattle dogs, war dogs, guide dogs for the blind, and police dogs.

The breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1904 but started to gain popularity in the US during the 1930s. Today, the breed ranks 10th on AKC’s list of most popular dog breeds.

Boxer Care

Training

Early socialization and puppy classes are recommended in order to properly channel the breed’s energy. Boxers are very intelligent but can easily become bored with repetitive routines which may result in dangerous or destructive behaviors at home. They are also good at problem-solving but can sometimes be quite stubborn. Boxers enjoy participating in a number of canine activities including agility, herding, and obedience. They are also great as therapy, assistance, service, and police dogs.

Exercise

As mentioned before, Boxers are very energetic and playful, so they require lots of daily exercise (be sure that your dog is always on a leash or in a securely fenced area). Being originally bred as wild game chasers, Boxers also like to jump and leap, especially when they’re small puppies. Their intelligent and curious nature also make them great candidates for mental exercise with puzzle toys, snuffle mats, and other games that require them to use their brains.

Grooming

Boxers have a short coat that requires little grooming - a short brushing once or twice a week should be enough. They’re also clean dogs and only need baths occasionally. Their nails need to be trimmed about once a month and their teeth should be brushed frequently in order to prevent tartar buildup.

Nutrition

Boxers should be fed two or three cups of good-quality dog food twice a day, though their exact intake will be based on their activity level and size as determined by your boxer’s veterinarian. As a deep-chested breed, Boxers are anatomically predisposed to gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV or canine bloat), so you might want to provide an elevated food bowl so that your pup doesn't have to bend down to the floor to eat as this can minimize the amount of air being ingested with their food. Feeding two meals can help prevent your Boxer from eating too fast or too much, which can cause bloat. Additionally, try to limit playtime or exercise for 30 minutes before and after meals to reduce the risk of GDV.

Living environment

Boxers enjoy the company of their owners and don’t like being left outside alone. In addition, exposure to outside temperatures for longer periods of time isn’t healthy for them. Due to the relatively thin coat, the breed has poor tolerance to heat and cold.

In hot weather, Boxers kept outside are vulnerable to breathing issues, dehydration, and heatstroke. When it's very hot outside (over approximately 85 degrees Fahrenheit) limit your boxers time outside to the early mornings and evenings if possible and avoid strenuous outdoor exercise. In cold weather, when the temperature falls below freezing, be sure to provide a warm coat or fleece and booties for your dog to keep them warm while exercising outdoors.

Guida alla razza Boxer:storia, caratteristiche e cure

Boxer common health issues

Like all dog breeds, Boxers are prone to certain health issues, including genetic diseases like arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, a congenital heart disease that’s usually fatal.

Other genetic medical conditions that commonly affect the breed include:

  • Degenerative myelopathy, a progressive disease of the spinal cord in senior dogs
  • Stenosi aortica
  • Displasia dell'anca
  • Displasia del gomito

Responsible breeders will screen their breeding dogs for genetic abnormalities and try to breed only animals who are healthy and less likely to carry these heritable diseases. Always ask to see veterinary screening certificates for a puppy’s parents and grandparents before you buy a Boxer from a breeder.

Other health conditions affecting Boxer dogs include:

  • Cancers, including lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, and mast cell tumors
  • GDV, which sometimes results in stomach torsion
  • Ipotiroidismo
  • Skin allergies

Boxers belong to the brachycephalic breed class, which means that their flat face and wrinkled snout can cause breathing difficulties, especially during hot weather.

Suggerimento professionale: Boxers do have their share of health problems, which is why it’s a good idea to sign your Boxer up for pet insurance while they are still a puppy.

Where to adopt or buy a Boxer

If you’re thinking about welcoming a Boxer into your family, start by contacting the American Boxer Club for reputable breeder referrals and listings of Boxer rescues throughout the States.

Be sure to conduct thorough research before you get a Boxer to make sure the breed is right for you.

If you’re interested in similar breeds, consider looking into Cane Corso, Boston Terrier, and Bullmastiff. You should also consider the many different Boxer mixes, including:

  • The Boxer Pitbull Mix (Bullboxer)
  • The Boxer Labrador Mix (Boxador)
  • The Great Dane Boxer Mix (Boxane)
  • The Boxer Beagle Mix (Bogle)
  • The Mastiff Boxer Mix (Boxmas)

Key Takeaways

  • Boxers are big and muscular dogs who look quite imposing but are actually very loyal, affectionate, and intelligent.
  • With minimal grooming needs and well-known gentleness with kids, the Boxer makes a perfect companion and an excellent family pet, as long as you provide them with plenty of exercise and mental stimulation.
  • Being originally bred for dog-fighting, Boxers are very strong and courageous and are widely used as service dogs in the police and military, as well as search-and-rescue work.
  • Like all breeds, Boxers are prone to certain health issues like cancer, bloat, hip dysplasia, etc.
  • Finding a boxer puppy or adult dog can be easy, but be careful of puppy mills and internet scams.

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